The goal of live

Nowadays, many students think that education is not an important thing in their live. There many students that stop their education level in the senior high school only. There are many assumption says that school in the next level or university is a waste time and waste cost. Perhaps, the people think that senior high school is enough to find a good job in the future. But in fact, there are much unemployment is the people who graduated from senior high school only.
Firstly, it is not a good idea if we do not increase our knowledge and skill by getting education at school. In the new era of the world that we call as globalization world, we need to be able to compete with other. We have to show our capability to the public in getting a trusty from other people. Sometimes, people just look at our level of education for any reason of responsibility. It means that, high education is having a good responsibility too. For this reason, we have to change the status of our level in term of education, whether it is college degree or more.
Furthermore, there many company and government instance that need a worker that graduated from university. They need the people who are professional and have a good quality. In other word, the high level of education has more opportunity to find a good job, than the people who just graduated from senior high school. We can see in the newspaper and other media, there are a lot of job vacancies that provided for the people who are college degree.
In the philosophic of our ancestral, we know that we have to learn as long as we can for the better live. Education is the source of a good future. We have to change our mind set that school is waste thing. There is no reason for the entire students to stop their education in the standard or senior high school only.

Collaborative learning

Collaborative learning is a situation in which two or more people learn or attempt to learn something together. More specifically, collaborative learning is based on the model that knowledge can be created within a population where members actively interact by sharing experiences and take on asymmetry roles. Put differently, collaborative learning refers to methodologies and environments in which learners engage in a common task where each individual depends on and is accountable to each other. Collaborative learning is heavily rooted in views that there exists an inherent social nature of learning which is shown through his theory of zone of proximal development. Often, collaborative learning is used as an umbrella term for a variety of approaches in education that involve joint intellectual effort by students or students and teachers. Thus, collaborative learning is commonly illustrated when groups of students work together to search for understanding, meaning, or solutions or to create an artifact or product of their learning. Further, collaborative learning redefines traditional student-teacher relationship in the classroom which results in controversy over whether this paradigm is more beneficial than harmful. Collaborative learning activities can include collaborative writing, group projects, joint problem solving, debates, study teams, and other activities. The approach is closely related to cooperative learning.

Teaching By Discussion

TEFL II
Teaching English by Discussio

1. Introduction
There are many originators of discussion technique, it’s depend to the varieties of the teaching method.
According to Kenneth O. Gangel :Discussion teaching differs from question and answer teaching primarily by the kind of questions used. In discussion it is our purpose to get students to think through the issues rather than verbalize memorized data or repeat right answers. Most often discussion will center on the solution to a problem or perhaps the interpretation of a verse of Scripture. Discussion can also be thought of as an attempt to interact with others toward arriving at a solution based on thoughts and ideas expressed by members of the group.

We need to choose a technique or method to be our style or way of teaching. There are many technique that we can choose or use. In this case, discussion is a good way of teaching technique, it’s involves the written or oral expression of different points of view.
Group discussions can help young people increase their subject matter knowledge, learn skills in leadership, and share with others. Some decisions regarding programs, meeting times, expenses, etc. can be handled well in a discussion group where everyone contributes. Members will have a greater commitment to a group where everyone contributes and they all help to make the decision

2. Explanation
In literature on teaching, the term "discussion" usually refers to a diverse body of teaching techniques, which emphasize participation, dialogue, and two-way communication. The discussion method is one in which the instructor and a group of students consider a topic, issue, or problem and exchange information, experiences, ideas, opinions, reactions, and conclusions with one another. Teaching by discussion utilizes one of the best principles of the learning process, namely, the involvement of students in active participation in the learning experience. A good discussion will help students express themselves verbally, crystallize their thinking in conjunction with the thinking of their peers, and develop a tolerance for those with whom they may disagree.

To conduct a class discussion, you must make more extensive and more thorough preparations than  you  would  for  a  lecture.  Although  the trainees  supply  the  ideas,  you  must  have  a thorough  knowledge  of  the  subject  matter  to  be able to sift out pertinent ideas. Be aware of ideas that may lead the trainees off on a tangent; steer the discussion away from these ideas. Guide the trainees away from irrelevant ideas and toward the   desired   goals   without   dominating   the discussion.
3. STEPS
- Instruct the group clearly about the task, specify time and the form of
presentation
- Divide the large group into small groups
- Different groups may be given different tasks; in this case the groups
should be divided first
- Let the groups discuss (through sharing and analysis) the matter
under consideration for the stipulated time
- Let one or two individuals from each group present their discussion to
- Add any relevant points that you feel have been left out and use the
group presentations to arrive at a theoretical framework
To conduct a class discussion, you must make more extensive and more thorough preparations than  you  would  for  a  lecture.  Although  the trainees  supply  the ideas,  you  must  have  a thorough  knowledge  of  the  subject  matter  to  be able to sift out pertinent ideas. Be aware of ideas that may lead the trainees off on a tangent; steer the discussion away from these ideas. Guide the trainees away from irrelevant ideas and toward the   desired   goals   without   dominating   the discussion.
4. Variation
1. Small Groups: Size will depend on time and the sensitivity or complexity of the subject. In most cases each group selects a reporter to summarize its discussion.
2. Buzz Groups: Participants discuss in pairs for a limited period. This method is especially effective for articulating ideas in preparation for a general discussion or to give expression to personal response to a film, presentation, or experience. After talking in pairs, couples might be asked to combine in groups of four and compare their opinions.
3. Open Questioning: Facilitators need to develop the skills of keeping the goal of discussion clearly in mind and of asking questions that encourage participation and analysis. Here are some typical forms of open questions:

5. Advantages & Disadvantages
Advantages
- pools ideas and experiences from group
- effective after a presentation, film or experience that needs to be analyzed
- allows everyone to participate in an active process
Disadvantages
- few people can dominate
- others may not participate
- is time consuming

6. Conclusion
There is a way to energize your classrooms, to excite a much higher percentage of your students, and to add more value to their education. But to do this you will have to pay far more attention than you have in the past to teaching process questions, to the teaching methods you are using.
7. References
en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/Teaching method
WWW.us ask.ca/education/coursework/method.
WWW.teacher vision.fen.com
http://serc.carleton.edu/sp/library/pedagogies.
http://www.languages.dk/methods/
http://edweb.sdsu.edu/people/jmora/almmethods.
http://honolulu.hawaii.edu
http://712educators.about.com

Language Change

In the reality of language changing it is not so much that language it self change, as that speaker and writers change the way they use the language. Speaker innovation is more accurate description than language change. Speaker innovation sometimes spontaneously, but more often by imitating speakers from other communities. If their innovation are adopted by others and diffuse through their local community and beyond into other communities than linguistic change is the result.
All language change has its origins in variation. The possibility of a linguistic change exists as soon as a new form develops and begins to be use alongside an existing form. If the new form spreads, the change is in progress. If it eventually displaces the old form, the change has become a ‘fait accompli’ it has gone a completion.
The change of spread
1. From group to group
A change may spread a long any of these dimension and into another group.
2. From style to style
It suggest the change spreads from one style to another (from more formal to casual speech)
3. From word to word
This is called lexical diffusion. It spread from one word to another. Sound changes spreads through different word one by one.
When a standard or prestige from occurs more often in the speech of younger people than older people, this suggest that it is a new form which is being introduce and adopted by young people. Comparing the speech of people from different age groups can be useful clue then to language change. This has been called the apparent time method of studying change. It is difficult to identify when it involves the introduction and spread of a less prestigious form, a vernacular form and these by far the most frequent kinds of changes in any language. People normally use a vernacular form when they are young, and tend to use more standard form as they get older and respond to the pressure of the society’s expectations. This make it difficult to spot the spread of a new vernacular forms by using the distribution of a form in different age as a clue. The normal distributional pattern is very similar to the pattern for a new form which is spreading greater use by younger people.
Tracing the progress of a linguistic change through the speech community is a fascinating exercise. It involves the considering influence a wide range of social factors. Language change often operates within clear limits. Language change does not proceed at a rate which result in intelligibility between groups in contact the referential requirements are always present.

English Article

How To keep Your English Practice.......?

If you don't live in an English-speaking country, and you don't have friends or family to speak English with, where can you practice your English speaking skills?

It's easier to have a conversation if you have a reason to speak – something to talk about. These ideas all give you a reason to speak with another person.The more opportunities you can get to use and speak English, the easier it is to find the right words when you need them. Take every chance you get to use your English!

Recourses

The general problem of English learning is the materials that difficult to understand by student. Sometimes the source of the materials in learning can't explain completely about the subject. It's cause of, we need to be active of read and understand the contains of the materials. well, as we know that almost all of student is lazy to read, and read. So, We cannot mastery in English by reading the text book only, but, we need to apply and practice in many ways.

I have some experience to improving the skill of my English.
Nowadays, technology is growth rapidly in over the world. We can use the technology as the media to learn and practice our English well. For example like, Hand phone, computer. Both of them can use to access information by using internet. Internet provide some sites that especially made to learn English and others subject. In this case, i would like to focus on English.

There are some sites that we can access in internet, Like British council, ESL, English banana, etc. All of the sites provide information of subject, games, groups, and community to practice our English. This way is more enjoyable than we learn directly by reading a text book. We can share our opinion by joining the groups and make community and communication with the members of groups or community.

My learning space

Learning is the lifelong process of transforming information and experience into knowledge, skills, behaviors, and attitudes.There are two kinds of learning in general, that is formal and informal learning, we can call it as the education. We know that each of the education needs a process and steps. It depend to the category of education.

In this post, i would like to share about the meaning of English. English is one of the international language in the world. It's mean that English is use as the communication language in every country. We need to learn about English to be able and fluency in English. It's very useful for us if we want to be a good translator teacher and a native probably. There are many kind of English in general. But, it's not important for us to classify about the English that we want to learn.Because, all of the English almost similar in meaning.


I am the student of English faculty in Pontianak. I take this subject to improve my skill of English and to understand about the education of English learning deeply. This subject is very useful to support my job. I always meet with the native speaker in hotel, so the fact that i need to mastery in English. Learning English is not an easy thing absolutely, it cause of English is not my mother tongue language. But it's not the probably reason to stop learning of English.

so guys........................let's learn English